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1.
Braz. j. biol ; 77(1): 12-15, Jan-Mar. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-839148

ABSTRACT

Abstract This work provides the results of a survey of entomonematodes parasites of grasshoppers in grasslands of the Pampean Region, Argentina. Nymphs of Staurorhectus longicornis Giglio-Tos, Laplatacris dispar Rhen, 1939, Dichroplus elongatus Giglio-Tos, 1894 and Metaleptea brevicornis (L.) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) were collected. Mermithidae was the only family registered with seven species: Agamermis decaudata Cobb, Steiner and Christie, 1923, Amphimermis bonaerensis Miralles and Camino, 1983, Amphimermis dichroplusi Camino and Lange, 1997, Amphimermis ronderosi Camino and Lange, 1997, Hexamermis coclhearius Stock and Camino, 1992, Hexamermis ovistriata Stock and Camino, 1992, and Longimermis acridophila Camino and Stock, 1989. The values of parasitism ranged between 1-12%, and intensity not overcome the number of 5.0 nematodes per larva. The nematodes observed showed specificity, not registering the same species of parasite in more than one host species. The Pampean region constituted an area with high diversity of mermithids where new species could be consider as bioregulator agents of this troublesome insect pests in agricultural areas of Argentina.


Resumo Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa entomonematode parasitando gafanhotos em pastagens da região pampeana, Argentina. Ninfas de Staurorhectus longicornis Giglio-Tos, Laplatacris dispar Rhen de 1939, Dichroplus elongatus Giglio-Tos, 1894 e Metaleptea brevicornis (L.) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) foram coletados. Mermithidae era a única família registrado com sete espécies: Agamermis decaudata Cobb, Steiner and Christie, 1923, Amphimermis bonaerensis Miralles and Camino, 1983, Amphimermis dichroplusi Camino and Lange, 1997, Amphimermis ronderosi Camino and Lange, 1997, Hexamermis coclhearius Stock and Camino, 1992, Hexamermis ovistriata Stock and Camino, 1992, e Longimermis acridophila Camino and imagem, de 1989. Os valores de parasitismo variou entre 1-12%, e intensidade não superar o número de 5,0 nematóides por larva. Os nemátodos observados demonstraram especificidade, não registar as mesmas espécies de parasita em mais do que uma espécie de hospedeiro. A região pampeana constituída uma área com alta diversidade de mermithids onde novas espécies poderiam ser consideradas como agentes bio-reguladores deste incômodos insetos pragas em áreas agrícolas da Argentina.


Subject(s)
Animals , Grasshoppers/parasitology , Mermithoidea/isolation & purification , Argentina , Larva , Nymph/parasitology
2.
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research. 2008; 9 (4): 387-389
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-87335

ABSTRACT

Linguatula serrata is a tongue-shaped parasite that infects carnivores or insectivorous reptile as final host and herbivores as intermediate ones. During necropsy of a 1.5-year-old female stray cat, a few white and fine nodules were observed on the diaphragmatic lobes of the lung. In histopathological examination, the nodules contained a turned spinosum parasite with cuticular spines and in parasitological examination of digested suspension, nymph of L. serrata with characteristic features was seen. This is the first confirmed infestation in a cat with nymph of L. serrata in Iran


Subject(s)
Female , Animals , Nymph/parasitology , Lung/parasitology , Parasites
3.
Parasitol. latinoam ; 62(3/4): 118-121, dez. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-481422

ABSTRACT

It has been observed throughout America that when eradicating or diminishing the population of the domestic vector of Chagas disease, the wild vectors adquires more epidemiological importance. For this reason the objective of this investigation was to determine if the wild vectors from the coast of Arica City are infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. The study was made in 52 triatomines captured from the coast of Arica city, during a period of 3 months since October until December 2004. Then, it was applied PCR method on these triatomines to find T. cruzi. The investigation showed that Mepraia gajardoi was infected with T. cruzi with a Trypano/triatomine index of 19.2 percent, similar to the infection level found for Mepraia spinolai in other investigations.


Se ha observado a lo largo de América que en la medida que se erradica o disminuye la población de los vectores domésticos de la enfermedad de Chagas, los vectores silvestres van cobrando mayor importancia epidemiológica. Por este motivo, el objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar si los vectores silvestres del litoral de la ciudad de Arica se encuentran infectados con Trypanosoma cruzi. El estudio se realizó en un total de 52 triatominos capturados en el litoral de la ciudad de Arica, entre Octubre y Diciembre del a+/-o 2004. utilizando la técnica de la Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa (PCR) para la búsqueda de T. cruzi. La investigación mostró que Mepraia gajardoi se encontraba infectado con T. cruzi presentando un índice Trypano/ triatomino de 19,2 por ciento, similar a lo observado en Mepraia spinolai en otras investigaciones.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Triatominae/parasitology , Trypanosoma cruzi/growth & development , Trypanosoma cruzi/genetics , DNA, Protozoan/analysis , Chile , Coasts , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Nymph/parasitology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prevalence , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification
4.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 39(2): 198-202, mar.-abr. 2006. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-426916

ABSTRACT

Foram capturados triatomíneos rupestres em seis localidades do município de Quaraí-RS, com o intuito de verificar o índice de infeccão por Trypanosomatidae, bem como o animal reservatório. A captura ocorreu no ambiente silvestre, sendo coletados 453 exemplares, os quais foram identificados e separados por estádio ninfal. Coletaram-se 421 (92,9 por cento) exemplares de Triatoma rubrovaria, 26 (5,7 por cento) de Triatoma circummaculata e 6 (1,3 por cento) de Panstrongylus tupynambai. Dentre as três espécies coletadas, somente Triatoma rubrovaria mostrou-se positivo para Trypanosomatidae, num total de 13 (4,2 por cento) exemplares. Após a inoculacão em camundongos e meio de cultura LIT, isolaram-se cinco cepas de Trypanosoma cruzi. Dos triatomíneos infectados com Trypanosomatidae, 4 (30,8 por cento) tiveram a reacão de precipitina não reagente para os anti-soros testados, 4 (30,8 por cento) positivos para anti-soro de roedor, 4 (30,8 por cento) para anti-soro de cabra e 1 (7,7 por cento) para anti-soro de porco e humano.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Mice , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Panstrongylus/parasitology , Triatoma/parasitology , Trypanosomatina/isolation & purification , Feces/parasitology , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Nymph/parasitology , Panstrongylus/physiology , Precipitin Tests , Triatoma/physiology , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification
5.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 100(3): 237-239, May 2005. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-411016

ABSTRACT

Molecular evidence showed 46.2 percent of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in Mepraia spinolai insects from North-Central Chile, which is significantly higher than previous reports of up to 26 percent by microscopic observation. Our results show similar infection levels among nymphal stages, ranging from 38.3 to 54.1 percent, indicating that younger nymphs could be as important as older ones in parasite transmission. A cautionary note must be stressed to indicate the potential role of M. spinolai in transmitting T. cruzi in country areas due to the high infection level detected by molecular analysis.


Subject(s)
Animals , DNA, Protozoan/analysis , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Reduviidae/parasitology , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification , Chile , Chagas Disease/transmission , Nymph/parasitology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Trypanosoma cruzi/genetics
6.
Bol. chil. parasitol ; 55(1/2): 14-7, ene.-jun. 2000. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-269415

ABSTRACT

Triatoma infestans nymphs have shown a good sensitivity for detecting trypanosoma cruzi in the bood stream of infected hosts when are used in the xenodiagnosis (XD). This method, with its natural limitations, using seven nymphs III of T. infestans, has been routinely utilized with a satisfactory yield. With the aim of an eventual improving of the yield of XD (with 7 nymphs), two series of 54 XD boxes each, containing a total of 378 nymphs III and 378 nymphs IV respectively, were applied one of each during three consecutive days to nine chronic chagasic patients. Each of the nymphs was weighted before an after the application of the boxes, and the intestinal content of them was examined 30, 60 and 90 days later. The main comparative results obtained with nymphs III and IV of T. infestans were: blood ingestion 40 versus 107 mg (2,7 higher), positivity of insects 35,8 percent versus 50,6 percent (15,8 percent higher), positivity of XD boxes (7 nymphs each) 46,3 percent versus 55,6 percent (9,3 percent higher), and mortality rates 28,6 percent versus 12,2 percent (16,4 percent lower). All these results demonstrate that nymphs IV of T. infestans, because their higher capacity of ingesting blood and higher tolerance to examination manipulations, are more suitable for been used in XD


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Chagas Disease/diagnosis , Triatoma/parasitology , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification , Xenodiagnosis , Chagas Disease/etiology , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Nymph/parasitology , Nymph/pathogenicity , Sensitivity and Specificity , Trypanosoma cruzi/pathogenicity
7.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 30(4): 333-336, jul.-ago. 1997. mapas, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-464365

ABSTRACT

No combate à doença de Chagas no Brasil, foi utilizado como primeira medida o controle químico, erradicando o Triatoma infestans, o mais importante vetor, tal combate vem favorecendo o aparecimento de vetores secundários, como Triatoma sordida and Panstrongylus megistus, espécies que podem eventualmente ser encontradas no domicílio, como os triatomíneos provenientes de Bernardino de Campos e Sete Barras por nós examinados que foram encontrados no domicílio e positivos para o T. cruzi, sugerindo que, apesar da doença de Chagas estar controlada no Estado de São Paulo, existe a necessidade de aprimorar os conhecimentos sobre o comportamento destes vetores para que mudanças nas medidas de controle sejam introduzidas.


As a first measure of Chagas' disease control in Brazil with chemical elimination of the most important vector of the disease, Triatoma infestans was removed. Attention is now being paid to Triatoma sordida and Panstrongylus megistus. That species can eventually be found inside houses, as happened with the specimens we examined from Bernardino de Campos and Sete Barras, all of them infected by Trypanosoma cruzi. These data suggest that a better knowledge about the behavior that species is needed to introduce changes in the control measures.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Mice , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Panstrongylus/parasitology , Brazil , Chagas Disease/parasitology , Ecosystem , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Nymph/parasitology , Parasitemia/parasitology , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification , Trypanosoma cruzi/pathogenicity
8.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 30(3): 247-250, maio-jun. 1997. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-464377

ABSTRACT

Triatoma infestans infectados por três amostras do Trypanosoma cruzi permitiram observar: 1) variabilidade numérica de metacíclicos obtidos de cada amostra após diferentes períodos de infecção; 2) diferenças na perda da infecção de acordo com a amostra infectante e 3) a relação entre o número de parasitas ingeridos e metacíclicos obtidos posteriormente.


Infection of Triatoma infestans with three different strains of Trypanosoma cruzi permited to observe: 1) numerical variability of metacyclics obtained after different times; 2) the differences of loss of infection according to each strain; 3) the relationship between ingested parasites and later obtained metacyclics.


Subject(s)
Animals , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Triatoma/parasitology , Trypanosoma cruzi/growth & development , Intestines/parasitology , Nymph/parasitology , Host-Parasite Interactions , Time Factors
9.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 29(4): 341-7, Jul.-Aug. 1996. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-187153

ABSTRACT

From January 1986 to February 1994, 563 xenodiagnosis (XD) were applied in 563 chronic chagasic patients from different areas of Brazil; 292 were women and 271 were men between 6 and 89 years (average: 41.4 +/- 14.7 years). To each XD 40 nymphs on the 4th stage were used: 20 from Panstrongylus megistus (Pm) and 20 from Triatoma infestans (Ti) in fast, during at least 14 days. The exam in each nymph was made 45 days after being applied on the patient, by observation in optical microscopy of the drugs and/or the grinded from the digestive tube. The results are: a) 205 (36.4 per cent) positive XD, including 85 (15.1 per cent) due only nymphs of Pm, 44 (7.8 per cent) Ti and 76 (13.5 per cent) Pm and Ti; b) positively in 4.9 per cent of the nymphs from Pm and in 3.0 per cent of the Ti nymphs examined. These results' analysis showed that the Pm nymphs were more sensitive that Ti's ones to the infection by Trypanosoma cruzi, increasing considerably the xenopositivity, independently from birthplace, sex or age of the patients. These results point out that to increase the efficacy of XD in chronic Chagas' disease, the exam must have more than a species of triatomine with different sensibilities to the T. cruzi infection, and in case of using one species on XD, Pm must substitute Ti.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Chagas Disease/diagnosis , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Panstrongylus/parasitology , Triatoma/parasitology , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil , Chronic Disease , Chagas Disease/parasitology , Methods , Middle Aged , Nymph/parasitology , Sensitivity and Specificity
10.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 3(2): 55-57, mai./ago. 1996. il.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1411719

ABSTRACT

Com o objetivo de se obterem maiores informações sobre parâmetros relativos à fase ninfal do Amblyomma cajennense, foram realizadas 28 infestações com ninfas de 1 a 12 dias de idade em 20 coelhos de ambos os sexos e com pelagem uniforme nas cores branca ou preta. A fase não parasitária foi acompanhada sob condições controladas de laboratório (temperatura de 27°, umidade relativa do ar superior a 70% e 12 h de fotofase). Foram utilizadas 21.182 neoninfas, recolhendo-se 11.319 metaninfas, resultando em uma eficiência de infestação de 53,44%. O período de ingurgitamento ninfal oscilou entre 3 e 5 dias com uma maior quantidade de ninfas levando 5 dias para completar o ingurgitamento. O tempo transcorrido entre o desprendimento da metaninfa e o término da ecdise ninfa/adulto oscilou entre 13 e 14 dias, com média de 13,43 ± 0,50 dias. Esse período não sofreu influência do sexo nem da cor da pelagem do coelho utilizado para ingurgitamento ninfal. Do total de metaninfas recolhidas, 95% realizaram ecdise completa, obtendo-se cerca de 10.700 adultos jovens, machos e fêmeas na proporção de 1:1.


In an attempt to obtain more information on the parameters of the nymphal phase of Amblyomma cajennense, 28 infestations were conducted with 1 to 12 day nymphs in 20 rabbits of both sexes and uniform white or black calor. Non-parasitic phase was followed under controlled laboratory conditions (27°C temperatura, 70% relative air humidity, and 12 hr photophase exposition). 21,182 neonymphs were used, out of which 11,319 metanymphs were collected, which accounted for and infestation efficiency of 53.44%. The period of nymphal ingurgitation ranged from 3 to 5 days, with a higher number of nymphs taking 5 days to complete ingurgitation. The time lapsed between metanymph loosening and completion of the ecdisis nymph/adult ranged from 13 to 14 days, with an average of 13.43 ± 0.50 days. This period was not influenced neither by sex nor by hair colar of rabbit used for nymphal ingurgitation. Out of the total of collected metanymphs, 95% had complete ecdisis, being obtained approximately 10,700 young adults, male and female, on a 1:1 rate.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits/parasitology , Tick Infestations/veterinary , Ticks , Parasite Load/veterinary , Amblyomma , Nymph/parasitology
11.
Bol. chil. parasitol ; 50(1/2): 42-4, ene.-jun. 1995. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-173144

ABSTRACT

An analytical study of positive xerodiagnosis (XD), according age distribution, in people with a positive indirect hemagglutination test (IHAT) for Chagas's disease has been carried out. A total of 1,137 IHAT for Chagas's disease positive persons were submitted to two wooden XD boxes containing 7 triatoma infestans nymphs III each. The positivity in percentage of XD in the different age groups was: 0-9 year old (60,8), 10-19 (35,8), 20-29 (31,5), 30-39 (28,7), 40-49 (30,0), 50-59 (34,3) and ò 60 (43,3). The 60,8 positivy of XD in children under 10 years of age is possibly due to the rather recent trypanosoma cruzi infection in this age group and to diverse inmunological mechanisms, which decrease with the age increasing


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Blood/parasitology , Chagas Disease/diagnosis , Triatoma/immunology , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification , Age Distribution , Chagas Disease/epidemiology , Chagas Disease/parasitology , Immunologic Techniques , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Nymph/parasitology , Serologic Tests , Hemagglutination Tests , Triatoma/parasitology
13.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 25(3): 183-90, jul.-set. 1992. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-141208

ABSTRACT

Em continuaçäo a estudo anterior, relativo à prevalência por Trypanosoma cruzi dos triatomíneos capturados na regiäo administrativa de Campinas, SP, os autores apresentam dados do período de 1982-1986, acrescentando informaçöes sobre respastos sangüíneos realizados por 7.785 exemplares. Para tanto, foram utilizados os anti-soros: ave, marsupial, roedor e humano, através dos quais constataram o ecletismo alimentar de Panstrongylus megistus, espécie predominante na regiäo, cujas formas aladas säo encontradas com freqüência, infectadas por T. cruzi, nas casas habitadas. Desses, 14,78 por cento reagiram frente ao anti-soro humano. Com Rhodnius neglectus foi observada situaçäo assemelhada, mas com números menos expressivos. Em relaçäo ao Triatoma sordida, näo foi constatada infecçäo natural e tampouco sinais de ingestäo de sangue humano. Foi constatado acentuado aumento de T. arthurneivai nas casas, fruto da provável modificaçäo ocorrida no ambiente natural. No de t. arthuneivai nas casas, frutos da provável modificaçäo ocorrida no ambiente natural. No período, foi encontrado Microtiatoma borbai, detectado pela primeira vez no Estado de Säo Paulo. Ressaltam também a importância da "investigaçäo de foco" nas áreas em fase de vigilância


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification , Triatominae/parasitology , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Disease Reservoirs , Population Surveillance , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Triatominae/physiology , Insect Vectors/physiology , Nymph/physiology , Nymph/parasitology , Feeding Behavior , Chagas Disease/epidemiology , Chagas Disease/parasitology , Disease Reservoirs/statistics & numerical data
14.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 33(3): 221-6, maio-jun. 1991. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-108385

ABSTRACT

Para simplificar a criacao de triatomineos em laboratorio, necessaria, por exemplo, a execucao do xenodiagnostico e em estudos de carater biologico, foi tentada alimentacao "in vitro", mediante emprego de sangue, citratado ou desfibrinado, de galinhas abatidas em matadouro avicola. Para avaliacao da eficacia desse proposito, observacoes de duas naturezas, com Triatoma infestans, tiveram lugar, atraves das seguintes medidas; a) analise do encadeamento de estadios nifais sucessivos e da exequibilidade de satisfatorios acasalamentos, oviposicao fertil e adequada reproducao; b) apreciacao da infectividade e da viabilidade do Trypanosoma cruzi nos insetos. Como conclusao, ficou evidente que, a despeito da facilitacao operacional, o intuito nao conduziu ao exito desejado, ja que o procedimento classico, usado como controle, mostrou-se sempre superior.


Subject(s)
Mice , Male , Female , Animals , Feeding Behavior , Triatominae/growth & development , Chickens , Columbidae , Nymph/growth & development , Nymph/parasitology , Triatoma/growth & development , Triatoma/parasitology , Triatominae/parasitology , Trypanosoma cruzi/physiology
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